Apr 4, 2023<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mohammed Soliman<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n By redefining and expanding the Asia-Pacific\u2019s geopolitical dimensions, Abe Shinz\u014d, the late Japanese prime minister, offered a geostrategic model that is now being realized across South Asia and the Middle East. With India at the center of this emerging West Asian ecosystem, Abe’s vision has begun to take shape.<\/p>\n\n\n\n WASHINGTON, DC \u2013 By building up the notion of the Indo-Pacific as a critical region, Abe Shinz\u014d<\/a>, the late Japanese prime minister, created a strategic framework that presaged the geopolitical and economic integration now taking place across Asia and parts of Africa. As South Asian and Middle Eastern countries merge into West Asia, a new continental order could reshape the global balance of power.<\/p>\n\n\n\n During his first visit to India as prime minister, in August 2007, Abe delivered his seminal \u201cConfluence of the Two Seas<\/a>\u201d speech to the Indian Parliament. Abe drew his speech title from a book<\/a> written by the Mughal prince Dara Shikoh in 1655, which explored the commonalities between Islam and Hinduism as neighboring religious and civilizational constructs. The Pacific and Indian Oceans also share many commonalities, Abe noted. The \u201cdynamic coupling\u201d of these \u201cseas of freedom and of prosperity\u201d would transform not only the Indo-Pacific region but also \u201cbroader Asia.\u201d But Abe, who was assassinated last July, had more than just maritime metaphors in mind. His overarching goal was to build the most consequential bilateral relationship in the Indo-Pacific \u2013 India and Japan. As one of the first Asian leaders to recognize the global and regional impact of China\u2019s rise, Abe went on a one-man crusade to create a viable new balance of power. By expanding the geopolitical dimensions of the Asia-Pacific region and pushing it westward toward the Indian Ocean, he helped shift the region\u2019s strategic profile. Abe\u2019s 2007 speech highlighted the intellectual vacuum in Washington at the time. While the United States was at the height of its ill-fated \u201cwar on terror\u201d and mired in two protracted, costly wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, Abe sought to redefine the Indo-Pacific on Japan\u2019s terms, as a rival to the China-centric \u201ccommunity of common destiny.\u201d For Abe and his successors, fostering cooperation across the Eurasian and African rimlands through extensive networks of defense and trade ties<\/a> was the key to realizing the vision of a broader Asia. In placing the Indo-Pacific at the heart of this vision, they drew on the insights of the nineteenth-century American admiral Alfred Mahan and the British naval historian Julian Corbett. Mahan and Corbett, the pioneers of modern naval strategy<\/a>, viewed sea power as an essential source of national strength. The twentieth-century political scientist Nicholas Spykman emphasized the strategic centrality of the Eurasian rimland, in contrast to Halford Mackinder\u2019s insistence on the centrality of the Eurasian heartland. Together, Mahan and Corbett\u2019s writings on sea power and Spykman\u2019s maritime-based approach to geopolitics provided the intellectual foundations for Abe\u2019s broader Asia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Today, the clearest manifestation of Abe\u2019s Indo-Pacific strategy is the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue, better known as the Quad, which began as a humanitarian initiative when the US, Australia, India, and Japan formed a joint relief operation following the deadly tsunami that devastated Indonesia in 2004. After returning to office in 2012, Abe repurposed it as a vehicle for his geopolitical vision. But the Quad was only the beginning. It has been followed by a series of \u201cmini-lateral\u201d institutions, including the AUKUS defense pact between Australia, the US, and the United Kingdom; the US-Australia-Japan Trilateral Strategic Dialogue<\/a>; trilateral cooperation<\/a> between Australia, Indonesia, and India; and a joint Italy-Japan-UK fighter jet project<\/a>. These initiatives, all of which aim to boost security and stability across the Indo-Pacific, reflect the region\u2019s ongoing transformation into a \u201cgeography of strategies<\/a>.\u201d After the Iraq War and Arab Spring pushed Arab states to diversify their alliances and partnerships and decrease their reliance on the US, Asian countries such as China, Japan, India, Indonesia, and South Korea rushed to fill the vacuum. The United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia, for example, are India\u2019s third<\/a>— and fourth<\/a>-largest trade partners, respectively. Japan has become a trusted regional leader in technology, clean energy, and space exploration. And South Korea is now a major supplier of technology and arms to the Gulf states and Egypt. Deepening defense and trade ties, together with the Gulf states\u2019 growing clout, have accelerated the Middle East\u2019s integration into the Asian economic sphere. While Abe sought to offset China\u2019s rising power by redefining the Asia-Pacific region, strategists and intellectuals (including me<\/a>) have been trying to establish regional balance of power by expanding the geopolitical definition of the Middle East to include India and other South Asian countries. The Abraham Accords between Israel, the UAE, and Bahrain, the Negev Forum<\/a>, the I2U2<\/a>, and the France-UAE-India trilateral framework<\/a> all point to a fledgling Indo-Abrahamic<\/a> alliance between India, Israel, and the Arab states. The introduction of India into the Middle East\u2019s political and economic domain is an extension of the geostrategic model Abe championed in his \u201cConfluence of the Two Seas\u201d speech. With India as the link between the Indo-Pacific and the Indo-Abrahamic countries of West Asia, a continental Asian order is beginning to take shape.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Mohammed Soliman, a global strategy adviser at McLarty Associates, is Director of the Strategic Technologies and Cyber Security Program at the Middle East Institute.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Apr 4, 2023 Mohammed Soliman By redefining and expanding the Asia-Pacific\u2019s geopolitical dimensions, Abe Shinz\u014d, the late Japanese prime minister, offered a geostrategic model that is now being realized across South Asia and the Middle East. With India at the center of this emerging West Asian ecosystem, Abe’s vision has begun to take shape. 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